In electric vehicles, batteries replace the internal combustion engine to provide energy storage and motor power. These batteries have different motor powers, energy capacities, and connection types, depending on various criteria. These differences lead to diversity in charging methods. There are essentially three different charging methods: battery replacement (quick drop), wireless charging, and wired charging (on-board/off-board).
Electric vehicle charging stations are divided into two groups according to the type of current: AC and DC. AC charging stations convert electricity from the grid into alternating current (AC) to charge the battery through the power converter inside the vehicle. In these types of stations, the conversion does not take place inside the vehicle. In DC charging stations, the power converter is located in the station itself; therefore, AC is directly converted to DC in the station and transmitted to the vehicle's battery.
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